Jazz and predestination vs. free will

 

Do you remember the first album you bought?

Maybe the better question is, do you even remember record albums?

Music has always been a big part of my life. Some of my earliest memories are of sitting in the family living room, listening to music on the big Zenith stereo console - basically a piece of furniture that oriented the entire room. My mother loved music, and one of the first LP (long playing) albums I remember was her recording of George Gershwin’s “Rhapsody in Blue.”

The first album I remember buying for myself was Blood, Sweat, and Tears, the one with the song “Spinning Wheel.” I tended to go for those bands that were more than guitar, bass, keyboard and drums. I liked horn sections, maybe a by-product of listening to so much Gershwin when I was younger, or the Big Band music my father listened to on the radio in his truck.

Listening to an album back then was an event in itself. You gently placed the vinyl record on the turntable, set the needle on the first groove, then sat on the floor in front of the speakers and studied the album cover and what were called liner notes while listening to the music.

Liner notes were writing found on the back or inside cover of the album or, later, the sleeve that protected the vinyl record. They might include a message from the band, something about how the record came to be, and then usually a list of each song including who played on each recording. There would always be studio musicians who weren’t part of the formal band, but who played specific parts of the recording, and if you studied enough liner notes, as I did, you began to see certain musicians who played on multiple recordings, whose names became as familiar to me after a while as the actual band members.

That’s where I learned to look for musicians like Steve Lukather, Carol Kaye, Hal Blaine, Dick Dale, Dave Sanborn, Richard Tee, Leon Russell, Donald “Duck” Dunn, Wynton Marsalis – those are just some of the many names that, after a time, I felt I could recognize their style regardless of the record. Bruce Springsteen’s E Street Band played on a ton of records that were not Springsteen.

Muscle Shoals, as Lynyrd Skynyrd sang, had the “Swampers,” a bunch of white, Alabama-bred country musicians who played country, rock, R&B, soul – anything and everything. They were on something like 75 gold and platinum hits and brought musicians from all over the world to record in this studio on north Alabama.

More than a few went on to have successful careers as headliners. Grover Washington Jr. – I developed an affinity for jazz – was one of those great stories. He was scheduled to back up saxophonist Hank Crawford on a studio recording session, but for some reason Crawford didn’t make it and the producers had Washington Jr. step up and take the spotlight. Washington went on to be a star in jazz and R&B in the 1970s-1990s.

In the late 1970s, a friend and I went to see Rickie Lee Jones at this club in Buckhead (Atlanta, Ga.). Jones was popular at the time with her song “Chuck E.’s in Love.” But when we got there, we realized David Sanborn was playing in her band, and we were more excited to see him than Rickie Lee. We were big Sanborn fans, who was so distinctive you could pick up his saxophone style on any number of records, until he became so copied that a generation of saxophonists were sounding like Sanborn derivatives.

The Rickie Lee Jones concert demonstrated that you might buy the tickets for the headliner but the people in the supporting roles, the backing musicians, were as important to the quality of the song as the lead.

I thought of this the other day when reading the Apostle Paul’s writing in 1 Corinthians 12, “For just as the body is one and has many parts, and all the parts of the body, though many, are one body …” and “The eye cannot say to the hand, ‘I do not need you.’ Nor can the head say to the feet, ‘I do not need you.’ On the contrary, the parts of the body that seem to be weaker are indispensable.” He goes on with this idea, saying “If one part suffers, every part suffers with it; if one part is honored, every part rejoices with it.”

In a sense, being a Christian is like being in a band. There are many parts to the music – vocals, lead guitar, rhythm guitar, bass, drums, keyboards, horns – and depending on the song, their individual part may be big or small. I remember a percussionist with Spyro Gyra who played a number of instruments, from conga to triangle, and was fun to watch because of the way he seemed to scramble from one instrument to the next within the context of a single song. You wouldn’t pay to see him front a band, but his contribution to the music (as well as the live show) was undeniable.

I really like this analogy in the context of jazz, or at least of a live performance, where no song is played exactly the same way twice. Everyone knows the melody and the rhythm, but there is usually space for a featured musician to add notes or runs or riffs that weren’t written into the original score. One person may have the featured instrument, playing what he’s led to play, but the rest are basically staying within the music as written, holding everything together

Jazz is one way I resolve the theological issue of predestination vs. free will or foreknowledge. In live jazz – the best way to hear it – everyone is playing the same song and knows how it starts, where it’s going, how it’s going to end. But along the way, individual musicians have freedom to experiment, to try different notes that hopefully contribute to the overall sound. But still, that individual freedom is curtailed somewhat within the limits of the song they are playing. The overall song is predestination; the individual experimentation is free will. God wrote the music, so He knows where it’s going and how it’s going to end, even as He takes great delight in the individual talents displayed within the structure of the song.

A casual listener may not realize how important the bass player is, or what the percussionist adds to a song (“More cowbell” as the famous Saturday Night Live skit goes), and at times certain individuals may not be playing at all, sitting back while other musicians take over.

To Paul’s point, in the church we all have a part to play. Some are more obvious than others. Sometimes, as in music, the part we play might change. If it’s your turn to solo, you do so; but at the same time, if it’s your turn to rest – a very important part of any musical score – you have to do that as well, because if you decided to just jump in and play whenever you wanted, the whole song would be ruined.

We won’t all be Dave Sanborn, adding something so distinctive everyone notices even when we’re supposed to be in the background. We can’t all have our picture on the cover of the album. That doesn’t make us any less important, because certainly the person that wrote the music, that envisioned the total sound, appreciates how important each part is to – in the case of music – winning that Grammy.

But, as Paul writes, “God has placed the parts … every one of them, just as He wanted them to be, so there are many parts, but one body.” (I Corinthians 12:12).

So, learn your music. Hone your craft. Know that even if you never get to be the headliner, the producer – God – knows the part He has written just for you and applauds every note you hit that adds to the heavenly sound of His music.

Is the 'Scarlet letter' is now the 'scarlet video'?

 

His father found his “stash.”

Now “stash” can mean a lot of things, depending on where you live and the time period. In this case, it was the late 1960s, in a pretty conservative suburb of Atlanta, and the ‘stash’ belonged to a 6^th or 7^th grader who lived down the street.

His ‘stash’ was a Playboy magazine (as racy as anything we knew existed back then) that my buddy had gotten somehow, and a deck of playing cards that featured pictures of nude or semi-nude women. This was hot stuff among a bunch of church-going boys back in those simpler, pre-internet, pre-cable TV days.

But he’d hidden this stash in the drop ceiling of his basement, which seemed ingenious to us but in fact turned out to be a rather poor hiding place. Drop ceilings were drop ceilings because they allowed easy access to the plumbing and ducts and electrical stuff that ran beneath the main floor of the house, and when someone went to check or fix or change a light – well, that’s how this kids’ father found his stash.

Honestly, I wasn’t good enough friends with this kid that he’d let me actually see this treasure, but I heard about it from other guys in the neighborhood who said they’d seen it and, I will admit, I was curious.

The point is, I remember this guys’ father finding this stash of what we’d now probably call “soft porn” (if even that), although it was pretty hardcore to us innocent kids of the 1960s. And getting caught by your dad in something like this was a definite “oh, nooooo” moment. When we heard his dad had found his stuff, we were all afraid for him, imagining what our own parents would do to us in the same situation.

What his dad did was one of the most incredible acts of fathering I have ever seen. I’ll get back to that.

I thought about this the other day after reading a story about “crowdsourced shaming.” It’s a phrase for people getting caught on camera doing things they shouldn’t be doing. You know, like that couple at the Coldplay concert that got caught on the kiss cam. It was obvious by their nervous reaction that something was amiss. People being what they are, searches were done and it turned out these two people worked at the same company, were married to other people, and were having an affair.

Just a week or so ago, a couple was filmed kissing on a bench in New York’s Central Park. When they saw the guy filming them, they became nervous and asked him to stop. He didn’t, and soon posted the video online. Within a few hours, internet sleuths figured out these two were partners in a New York law firm; one of whom was married to someone else. The video got more than 2 million views on TikTok before being deleted, and stories were written about it.

According to this article I read, there are people with their cell phone cameras who go looking for this stuff. People who look like they could be having an affair are common targets, as are public drunks, people whose clothes reveal too much (either intentionally or not), and people who find themselves in embarrassing situations. These videos are then broadcast over TikTok or whatever social media is popular, and the subjects of these videos find themselves in for a public flogging.

From the article: “These days, stepping out your front door in the morning means you no longer have any legal right to stop someone from shoving a camera in your face—something self-described “free speech auditors” on TikTok and other platforms will be quick to remind you. The “auditors” make their content by conspicuously filming people in public, which they have a legal right to do, in hopes of eliciting angry responses that can be uploaded to YouTube or clipped on TikTok for the benefit of people who like watching public freak-outs. If the response goes viral, they can make some money ruining lives, too.

“And they aren’t looking for good people doing nice things because that’s not good content. The cameras matter only when you cheat on your wife, argue with her in public, or have a meltdown in a Target. When you do, the iPhone will be there, filming as the comments flow in. If you’re lucky, all the commentators will do is laugh at you. At worst, they’ll track you down, doxx you, and ruin your life…”

Do these people being filmed deserve it? It’s easy to say if they were doing something wrong and chose to do it in public, they got what they deserved. It used to be called public shaming, and it’s nothing new. Ever read The Scarlet Letter?

These days, once you’re caught you may be subject to the eternal ‘scarlet video,’ that will remain out there no matter what you do to apologize and make amends.

That’s the difference. It’s one thing to be shamed in front of your community, family and friends and people you sat beside in church on Sunday; to be publicly held accountable for violating the generally accepted moral standard of the community where you live (however hypocritical those expectations may have been).

It’s another thing to be shamed by millions of people around the world that don’t know you, who aren’t part of your community, who are simply taking great pleasure at the failing and embarrassment and humiliation of someone they have never met and likely never will. This turns it into something like a blood sport. It’s a spectacle, purely for entertainment purposes – and profit for whoever shot the video and uploaded it first.

Its people being thrilled by watching the life of a total stranger come apart and feeling somehow superior, I guess, because these people “get what they deserve.”

My mother used to tell me, “Be sure your sins will find you out.” This comes from Numbers 32, where Moses is talking to the tribes of Reuben and Gad, who have decided to stay on the opposite side of the Jordan River rather than go with the rest of Israel and conquer Canaan. Moses tells them that they can do that, but if they fail to come to the aid of their brothers when needed, they would be sinning against the Lord. “But if you fail to do this, you will be sinning against the LORD; and you may be sure that your sin will find you out,” Moses tells them.

On the other hand, we’re told to be careful sitting in judgement of people. To the crowd who wanted to stone the woman caught in adultery, Jesus says, “Let him who is without sin cast the first stone.” (John 8:7). And in Matthew 7:1 Jesus says, “Do not judge, or you too will be judged.”

There is a lot about what Jesus says that doesn’t mean exactly what many people want it to mean; it’s not “You don’t have the right to tell me I’m wrong.” Later in the same chapter, Jesus essentially tells us that we are expected to judge what is right from wrong, and call out wrong when we see it. There are just as many verses on how to appropriately judge the actions we see.

But we’re also told to love our neighbors, which means, I think, that we’re not to take joy in calling out the sins of others. We’re not to delight in their failings. We’re called to love those people, and as Jesus said to the woman caught in adultery, tell them “Go and sin no more.” We have to recognize what sin is, and encourage people – and remind ourselves – to stop sinning. But also allow them to get on with their lives.

That brings me back to my friend’s father. When he discovered his son’s stash of magazines and playing cards, hidden in that basement ceiling, we all expected there to be a whipping that would leave our buddy’s backside black and blue, with a potential grounding that lasted until well into high school.

But the father didn’t get mad (at least, not when he spoke to his son). He didn’t threaten. He didn’t punish.

He just told his son, “Son, if you’re going to look at stuff like this, then leave it out in the open. Because if you’re trying to hide it, you know you’re ashamed, which means you know it’s wrong.”

It was an incredible piece of fathering. At that time, in our community, in our culture, the kid couldn’t have been more embarrassed. He knew it was something to hide. And he wasn’t about to have that stuff out in the open where his mother or sisters could see it. He knew instinctively there was something illicit about these pictures. And part of the thrill of having this stuff was the secrecy.

There were a lot of ways this story could have gone. But this father knew his son well enough that he had a pretty good idea of what his son would do. And his son did: he got rid of the stuff. Threw it away. The son was ashamed.

His father didn’t publicly humiliate him. I don’t know if he even told the mother (he probably did, but she never acknowledged it as far as I know). He simply made the son see that he knew what he was doing was wrong, and since it was wrong, he shouldn’t continue doing it. Simple as that.

That, to me, is correcting someone in the right way. With love. Just between the two of you, if possible.

The Bible says we are “always to be gentle toward everyone” (Titus 3:2). We are to gently confront people caught in sin (Galatians 6:1). We are, above all, to speak the truth in love (Ephesians 4:15).

And not take delight in another man’s failing, but to be happy when he’s been redeemed.

Sometimes it hurts; healing usually does

 

My legs were asleep.

A common enough occurrence. Sometimes when I’m sitting, I lean forward and put my elbows on my thighs, to read or watch something. I don’t have to stay in that position for long, and when I straighten back up, I can tell my legs are numb.

Then when I try to stand up, it almost feels as if I can’t. It feels week. It aches. It takes a minute to get the feeling back in my leg. It hurts.

I used to think this was from cutting off circulation to my leg. But since I have access to a world of information on my phone, I looked it up. Turns out, it’s something called “positional paresthesia.” According to the first article I found (I didn’t think it was worth in-depth research), “Leg sleep,” the common term for positional paresthesia, happens when there is sustained pressure on a nerve that disrupts it’s “feeling,’’ or signaling.

What’s really creepy – and maybe this has happened to you (please tell me it has, and that it’s not just me!) – is waking up in the middle of the night and feeling this thing under my pillow that feels like a rubber hand, only to realize it’s mine, and it’s so “asleep” that I have no feeling in it, and when I touch it it’s like finding a fake hand made out of rubber under my pillow.

The feeling doesn’t last long. As soon as the pressure is released, the nerves start tingling and burning as they come back to life. In the case of a hand, I shake it and shake it to get past this “awakening” until it finally feels like my hand again. But it’s a weird feeling, as I said; it’s uncomfortable. It can actually be painful as the nerves come back to life.

Really, all that’s happening is my body is healing itself. When you think about it, any kind of healing usually hurts. There is a reason the doctors give you pain medicine after surgery. Those morphine pumps after major surgery are sometimes the only relief you get in the immediate after-effect of some operation that puts your body in a position to heal. Because healing hurts.

The Gospel of Jesus can be like that. It should change your life, and change is rarely easy. Learning to live the way Jesus wants us to, the way the Bible says to live, the way we were created to live, is very often against how we want to live, how we’ve lived most of our life, sometimes even how we like to live.

And why shouldn’t it be uncomfortable? We’ve tried to live without God for so long that when we finally decide to follow Jesus and His teaching, it is an adjustment. You may find that things you used to do without thinking, suddenly you find yourself thinking about before you either do them again or decide not to do them. Your friends may wonder why suddenly you’re not joining in with them in things you’ve always done, and when you explain why you would rather not do it they make fun of you, or at least wonder how long this ‘fad’ will last.

Just like the nerves coming back to life in my leg, when I realize I need to live the way the Bible says I was created to live, it can feel awkward. It’s sometimes hard to make a stand, to take the first few steps.

In the Christian faith, we call conversion being “saved.” We’ll even ask the question, “have you been saved?” “Tell me about when you were saved.”

I am told the name “Jesus” means “God saves.” In the birth story of Jesus, in both Matthew and Luke, it says “You shall call his name ‘Jesus,’ for he will save his people from their sins.” (Matthew 1:21).

Sometimes I think I use this word “saved,” particularly in a church context, way too casually. The word ‘salvation’ – another of those religious terms we throw around – means “preservation or deliverance from harm, ruin, or loss.” It’s the word the Jewish historian Josephus used to refer to the deliverance of the Israelites from their slavery in Egypt.

In my faith, ‘salvation’ or being saved means I believe I have been delivered from the fear of death and the penalty for my wrong-doing (sin).

That’s really amazing. We’re literally being brought from death to life. In fact, we no longer have to fear death, because – as the old spiritual says – “ain’t no grave gonna keep my body down.”

I don’t fully understand all the intricacies of how it works. But I believe in it. I can look at my life and see how it has changed me, from the way I once was to the way I am. Not that I have achieved perfection. The Apostle Paul says in Philippians 3, “Not that I have already obtained this or am already perfect, but I press on to make it my own, because Christ Jesus has made me his own.” If Paul, late in his life, says he’s not obtained perfection, then I know I’m certainly not there.

There is a great example of this change in the New Testament.

In the list of the men Jesus called to be his 12 disciples, (Mark 3) included in the 12 were “James son of Zebedee and his brother John (to them he gave the name Boanerges, which means “sons of thunder”).” That could possibly mean that Zebedee was a man of temper, but I think it more probably means that James and John were hot-headed, easily provoked.

The best example may be in Luke 9, where it says Jesus “sent messengers on ahead, who went into a Samaritan village to get things ready for him; but the people there did not welcome him, because he was heading for Jerusalem. When the disciples James and John saw this, they asked, “Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to destroy them?”

That sounds like “sons of thunder” to me. “They don’t accept us? Let us call down fire and show these people a thing or two about who they’re dealing with here!” A very human reaction.

The passage goes on to say “But Jesus turned and rebuked them.”

Jesus rebuked them. That had to hurt. It wasn’t the first time Jesus had to call them out. It seems they were a bit slow to learn, and the learning was sometimes painful.

But Jesus didn’t used their mistakes to exclude them from discipleship. Today we might have shunned them. “Hey, watch out for James and John. They may go off on somebody at a moment’s notice. We better keep them away from the crowds.”

Jesus simply understood James and John needed more training. And their transformation was evident.

James became the first of the 12 disciples to be martyred (Acts 12:2). But his brother, John - by the end of his life John was known not as “Son of Thunder” but “the apostle of love,’’ referencing love in his Gospel and first letter more than any other New Testament writer. That’s a far cry from wanting to call down fire from heaven to destroy an entire village.

Our world says “People don’t change.”

But when people follow Jesus, Jesus changes them.

Sometimes it hurts. Sometimes it feels like we’re going against our very nature (which we are). Sometimes people refuse to believe it’s real. Sometimes it doesn’t seem “fair,’’ and we make excuses for the way we behave saying, “That’s just how God made me.”

But no, God made you and me to be perfect. He loved us enough to let us make our own choices, knowing full well those choices could lead to all kinds of pain and suffering, but also knowing – I believe, and I could be wrong – that for love to be real, it can’t be coerced.

If we did not have the ability to reject God, then neither would we have the ability to truly love Him. Some theologians go so far as to say that human freedom is the highest good and that even God will not violate it. Genuine love and genuine good can only exist in a world where there is an opportunity for genuine rejection and genuine evil.

That’s a discussion for another day, for people far smarter than I.

All I know is, when people follow Jesus, Jesus changes them.

Even if it hurts.

Ancient wisdom

 

Take time to read ancient thinkers; they don't want you to repeat their mistakes

Ancient wisdom.

It’s everywhere. It’s not just the Bible, but in our study of history, of writers and philosophers and what might be called “movers and shakers” from the past.

But it’s also in your family. Even if you have what you consider to be a terrible family background, there are stories worth knowing, if for no other reason than to know how you’d like to see your own family story improved.

I read a story about a man who never really knew his father, because his father was in prison for murder. He was raised by his mother and a step-father. But later, as an adult, when his natural father died in prison, he was the point of contact and told to come pick up his father’s belongings, meager though they were.

Reluctantly he went. But while there, the prison guard who gave him what was left of his father’s belongings told him stories about his father. Apparently, in prison, this man’s father became a mentor to younger, new prisoners. He was a guy who was always there to listen to someone in trouble, or who was having to deal with family issues while incarcerated. He was a man who apparently taught himself while in prison and read a great deal. He was liked, and would apparently be missed.

The man was stunned. He had no idea of what his father was like, only that he was in prison for murder and that his mother never talked about him. Yet in hearing stories about his father, he could see there was some good, and discovered traits about himself – the son turned out to be an author, a pastor, a public speaker – that he could see where parts of his personality may have come from.

Even if your story is not that dramatic, there is value in knowing your family history; the struggles your parents and grandparents had, the lessons they learned over the years, stories about the people they knew. There are very often patterns in family history that you see repeated, even unknowingly and unintentionally.

According to a recent study in the American Academy of Arts and Science, 84 percent of American adults read for five minutes or less per day. As someone who has written books for other people, and tried to help get them published, I know it is easier than ever to get a book published because there are multiple self-publishing options; but I also know how difficult it is to get a traditional publishing deal, where the publisher pays for everything in the belief that the book will sell enough for the publisher to make a profit. With so few Americans apparently reading any more, I understand the difficulty.

I admit to being something of a Luddite, uncomfortable with modern technology. Luddites were members of a 19th-century movement of English textile workers who protested the industrialization of their industry out of fear of losing their jobs. (They are called “Luddites” after a legendary weaver named “Ned Ludd”, who may or may not have actually existed but over whose name threats were sent to factory owners and government officials).

While I’m not truly a Luddite in the sense that I am not opposed to new technology, I am slow to learn it and more comfortable – particularly in my old age – with the old ways of doing things.

And some lessons, particularly about human nature, should be remembered to avoid having to be constantly relearned.

I thought about this in coming across a writing by Ralph Waldo Emerson, a 19^th Century writer/philosopher who believed people should be self-reliant and individualists and was a critic of countervailing pressures of society and conformity.

Emerson was once described as “a walking middle finger to the dumb traditions and sheeplike thinking that held people back.”

He wrote a long essay called “Self-Reliance” that I think should be taught in every school at the earliest ages.

According to Emerson, we need to reclaim our privacy. “My life is for itself and not a spectacle,’’ he wrote. How different that attitude is to today, when it seems as if there is no event, no emotion, no feeling that shouldn’t be shared with absolute strangers on social media – what’s called “oversharing.”

He also said we need to stop conforming to others’ thinking. “Whoso should be a man must be a nonconformist,’’ Emerson wrote. Even if you’re inclined to believe what you hear, you should still be skeptical. When you read or hear of something happened that sound outrageous, or are told that someone said something really offensive, see if you can find another source that verifies what you’re being told. I’ve fallen victim to quoting someone for something in turns out they did not say, just because it sounded like something they could have said. I’m still shocked at how much stuff is repeated, particularly on the internet, that a simply search will reveal to be false. And yet so many people get so worked up over it because – as the saying goes – “I read it on the internet; it must be true.”

Which brings up the next point: be true to yourself. “The great man is he who in the midst of the crowd keeps with perfect sweetness the independence of solitude.” Emerson also recognizes that going your own way can have a price. “For nonconformity, the world whips you with its displeasure.”

Don’t always go for instant gratification. Some things take time, and are worth pursuing even if it takes a while. “Instead of the gong for dinner, let us hear a whistle from the Spartan fife,’’ he writes. Have self-discipline. Refuse yourself instant, easy reward. Does it sometimes hurt? Of course it does. Going after the best rather than the easiest often does. But it’s usually worth it.

Then Emerson seems to go on to say that silly things, trivial things, immoral things, are not even worth condemning. Just eliminate them from your life. Don’t give them another thought. He says, “If you are noble, I will love you … but if you are not, I will not hurt you and myself by hypocritical attentions.” Focus on what can improve you, not on what frustrates you.

But also be willing to change your mind. This is hard, especially when people today seem to want to hold others accountable for attitudes they had years or even decades ago, as if people can’t change. With age should come maturity; with maturity, a better sense of what’s important and right. We should change. Emerson wrote, “A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by littles statesmen and philosophers and divines.” Say what you believe to be true without apology, even if it’s not what you said last week or last year.

Because it’s important to speak the truth. Even if it’s uncomfortable. Maybe especially if its uncomfortable.

But – and here’s where I go back to another source of ancient wisdom – the Apostle Paul writes in his letter to the Ephesians, “speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ.”

Speaking the truth in love is not just about honesty. How often have you heard someone start a sentence with “I’ve got to be honest…” and know that whatever comes next is likely to be hurtful? We should speak the truth in a way that builds up other people, not offends (although offense sometimes can’t be avoided). Because, as an old Christian hymn based on the writings of John says, “They will know we are Christians by our love.”

As a t-shirt I once owned said, “Even a dead fish goes downstream. Go against the flow.”

I think Emerson would agree.